Nā soils o Central Rusia. Ano. Ho'āno-podzolic soils

Podzolic soils Rusia nō i waena o ka loa e like me ia ma ka waena Lane. A me ka mea i manaoia i ka loa infertile. Mau soils i structureless, wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻeʻakika, e like me ke alo o ka podzolicʻalihi moana. Pinepine ka mea, e hana ma lalo o ka canopy o coniferous ululaau.

Ma ka waena kāʻei o ke aupuni 'ē aʻe, he pono ole, a ho'āno soils. Ka mea i hanaʻia ma lalo o ka aoao o herbaceous kanu. I waena o nā hiʻona o ka ho'āno soils pee no hoʻomāhuahua mau ana i ka maʻiʻo o ka humus a hapa kaawale o ka mea hiki podzol, lumpy ka palaoa 'ole. E like me ka rula, ka mea i wehewehe aku e kiʻekiʻe fertility.

Ho'āno-podzolic soils i walaʻauʻana i loko o ka politika-ʻeleʻele lepo oo? O ka aina. Ka mea, nā luna, a malalo ho'āno podzolic, ahu iho. Kēia mau soils i ka haʻahaʻa fertility, haʻahaʻa (0.5 e 2,5%) maʻiʻo o ka humus a me kaʻakika (pH 4-5) o ka lepo pāʻoihana. Eia hou, i ka humus moana mai he uuku nona iho (he umi i ka iwakalua kenimika).

Nō kāu, he ho'āno-podzolic i ka waiwai humus topsheet. Ma keia hihia, ma calcareous pōhaku pulu kaʻina kanu? Ee, a haliu ae la ia i loko o humus ana nui wikiwiki.

Ho'āno podzolic wehewehe aku ma ka loa haahaa ka maʻiʻo o ka naikokene a me ka phosphorus (i loko o ka palapala i ua kemu mea kanu). Ma soils me kekahi haku mele 'ana o ka malamalama (one Lok a me ke one), aia no he nele o ka potasiuma.

A pau o ka ho'āno-podzolic soils pihaʻi loa uuku iodine, kiniki, ke keleawe. I ka Ia manawa iʻokoʻa a me ka liki ole manganese mea. E hoʻoikaika i ka fertility o kēia mau'āina a mea e pono e hooponopono i ka wai-ea? Aaeei, o ka oi aku ma ka excessively humid pāhili. Momona, ahu iho ua mahuahua ma ka noi ana i ka lepo aloha fertilizers. Kaʻakika Ua hoemi ma ka mea o ka liming.

Ho'āno-podzolic lepo type ua māhele akuʻano nui i loko o ka'ākau hapalua o ka ole-ʻeleʻele lepo ciia. Lākou ho okumu mea i ka ulu lāʻau, akā,ʻano nui i loko o nā kula mai. Ma kēia mau mea i ka hopena o ka a maloo aku o nā mauʻu wanawana ia lŘlŘ ma luna o ka ili o na makahiki o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i manao ai, a me ka aa residues i ka pūhaka. Ua pinepine ka hana interlacing aa ma luna o ka luna o ka mea kanu. Kēia hualoaʻa i loko o ka hoʻokahi, ahu iho. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka helu nui o ke kanu residues.

No ka ho'āno-podzolic lepo ano o ke alo aku o ka whitish, ahu iho. Kona 'ole kohu ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka lehu mai ke kapuahi. Ma weakly podzolic lepo, ahu iho mānoanoa o kekahi mau kenimika, a me ka mānoanoa o ka'āina wale nō - ma kahi he iwakalua a hiki i ka iwakalua-kumamalima mau kenimika. Ma keia manao, mau aina e mai e pono ai'ano'ē hou.

Ke ku pono ana i kulana home 'ole me ka ikaika podzolic soils. Ke ano o ka aina me ke kūʻokoʻa wale nō ma hope o ka hana, e hoʻoikaika 'ia. I haahaa ka maʻiʻo o ka mahuaola, e kaawale aku noncapillary porosity, e like me adverse wai-ea? Aaeei, ma ka papau hohonu (ma kahi o kanakolu i kanaha mau kenimika) e moe Lok, a ma lalo ia - lahilahi akā, paakiki, a anuanu "limestone" oia hoiʻano nui o hao oxides. Ma keia manao, e keʻeli i ka ho'āno-podzolic ka lepo a hiki i ka hohonu o ka ole e emi malalo o kanaha - he kanaha-kumamalima mau kenimika, a uhuki i ka loa akea lua ole e emi malalo o ke kanalima mau kenimika hohonu.

Aie i ka mea ana i kekahi hapa o ka mea i make, mea kanu i koe pūhaka aina kahi ke kōkua o ka paʻakikī o ka lewa mea koʻohune decomposition o ke aloha, a mahope anal iʻoi e moe ana papa ia lŘlŘ wale hapa 'ia'. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka digestion hana humicʻakika e hoohuli mai (i ka hopena o kekahi Nine Inch reactions) ma humins, a komo 'ana i loko o ke kahua o ka humus a me ka hou Komkova' ole topsoil a laila.