Ke liberation o Konigsberg mai ka Nazis i loko o ke Kaua Honua II: i ka lā o ka i komo. E kaua ana no ka mea liberation o Konigsberg, he alo? Mekala no ka liberation o Konigsberg

Liberation mai ka Nazis Konigsberg ua he kumu nui holomua ana i mālama 'ia ma ka Red Army i pololei, no ia Germany ka ?? eoi? Ee. Mai kona hualoaʻa pili kēia i kaukaʻi a pau i ka wā e hiki mai hana o na allies ma ka hope loa hookuuia Europe mai Nazism. No laila, i ke kala ana o Konigsberg i kekahi milestone i loko o ke kaulahao o ka lanakila hele ana o ka poe koa. A me ka symbolic o ka wahi i ke kulanakauhale me ka puni, koke ma hope o ka'opi o ka Nazi? Eia, i hoohui i loko o ka Soviet Union.

A manawa pōkole mōʻaukala o East Prussia

Honua East Prussia, no i ka ohana o ka Baltic Prussians, mahope mai o ka XII kenekulia i na hoopai ana i ka hana Kelemānia koa colonization. A laila, ua ka moku'āina o ka Teutonic Papa o nā naita, kokoke e loa liʻiliʻi, a assimilated ka kūloko heluna kanaka, a me ka hoʻoweliweli 'ia Poland, Lithuania a me Rusia.

Ke kūlanakauhale ia Konigsberg, mua i kapaia o Tvangste, loaa ae nei i kona inoa i loko o 1255 i ka hanohano o ka Czech King Premysl Ottokar II.

Ma ka XV kenekulia, i ka hope ke kumu o ka 'ohana Hohenzollern ma luna o kēia mau'āina naita ma Duchy o Prussia, i i laila, hui pilikino hoao ana me ka Electorate o Brandenburg, ua hookumuia oia. Kēia moku'āina ua, ua kapaia ke aupuni o Prussia, a me ka aina, pono nova ma ka Teutonic Naita, a me kona kapikala ma Königsberg, Hikina Prussia la ia mea.

Hope, i pili i kēia mau panalāʻau e noho ma ka moʻo ma ka German aupuni a pau, i ka Weimar Repubalika a me ka Apana Reich.

Ke kaua ma luna o ka Soviet-German alo

I ka makahiki 1944, Nazi lākou poʻe kaua ma ka ikaika kaua i hope ousted, mai ka palena o ka USSR. Ke liberation o ka'āina o ka hikina a me ka Central Europe, mai ka Nazis. Ke Soviet koa kokoke 'ana i ka Kelemānia ?? eoi? Ee, i ka nui, a hiki i East Prussia.

January 13, 1945 i ka hikina Prussian hana i ee aku e ka Soviet kaua. Ua komo, ka 2nd Belarus alo ma lalo o Ilamuku Rokossovskogo 3rd Belarus Front ma lalo o General Chernyakhovskogo mua, a laila Marshala Vasilevskogo, a me 1st Baltic alo alai ae e General Bagramyan. I ka hana o ka aina koa, mai ke kai uhi ka Baltic'auwaʻa ma lalo o ke kauoha o General Tributs. I ka huina helu o nā koa kookoo i loko o kēia wahi aku i 1,6 miliona kanaka.

Soviet koa 'alo i ka Army Group "Center" a me ka "North" ma lalo o ka lima o ka, pakahi, Colonel-General Reinhardt a me L. Rendulic. Ka mea, oia no ma kahi o 580 tausani. Poe o ke kookoo.

Iloko o ka holomua kūpono 'ana o ka Red Army i i he kuleana Ua Hopu, noho ana i ka helu o nā kaʻakālai kumu a me na kulanakauhale. Akā, i ke ki i ka pau o ka Hikina Prussia koe impregnable Konigsberg.

Penei, ka mea, wahi a ka Nui Patriotic War. i ke liberation o Konigsberg e lilo kekahi o na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ki o ia.

Makaukau no ka pale aku o kēia kanaka Kelemānia

A hiki i ka mea i lilo i maopopo ia ia, e iho koke ana hoʻomaka e kaua ana no ka liberation o Konigsberg, ka Kelemānia High E kauoha akuʻoe i kauoha e hooikaika ka hoʻohuiʻana, a ma muaʻaneʻane impregnable kulanakauhale. hoomaka mākou e kūkulu barricades.

Ua produces amplification o na pakaua maoli o ke kulanakauhale, iloko olaila o ekolu apo, kūkulu i kekahi mōʻaukala manawa. A, Konigsberg mai he mawaho kūlana pale ke komo lima, a pono-paʻa i Susana.

Ua lawe pū i mai hoi hou ana hana e hahai ana i ka lukuia, a, no a hiki i ka bombing o ka maunakea Pelekāne, ua Königsberg (makahiki 1944). Ke liberation o ke kulanakauhale i olelo mua iaʻi, e e loa paʻakikī.

koa o na aoao elua

Liberation mai ka Nazis Konigsberg i i hiki ai i ke aloha a hiki i ka holomua hana lawe mai ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka Ilamuku Vasilevsky. He pū ua hoʻokuleana i huiʻia, alakaʻiʻia General Bagramyan. E uhi mai ka lani i kauoha mai ai i ka Air Aliʻi Ilamuku Novikov. Ka mea, o ko lakou mau E Ala E hana e ai i ke kala o Königsberg. He aha ka ka mua malama ana i keia hana? Ka hapanui loa kākou i loko o ka mea, ua ka Hawaiian kolu, a i komo pū 1st Baltic.

I ka huina helu o ka poʻe hao wale Soviet ka poe i kuleana i loko o ka hana, ua 137 tausani kanaka. Eia hou, ma ke alo o ka 2174, he 538 mokulele a me ka poʻina nalu.

Konigsberg pale alakai e General Otto von Lasch Wehrmacht. Ma o kona hoʻolilo i 130 tausani koa, i mea ole loa hoʻi ma mua o ka helu ana o kū'ē i ka Soviet hao wale. Akā, ma ka poʻina nalu a me ka mokulele i ka Kelemānia kaua ma ka paena me ka nui loa i emi iki mahope. Ua loaʻa iā ia, niioaaonoaaiii, 108 a me 170 huahelu.

Penei, ka wā kaha like kokekau i ka Manpower i loko o kēia kaiaulu o ka Soviet Army i he nui ia Morohiha i loko o ke akamai o ka poʻe hao wale o ka Wehrmacht. Kēia manawa, e hōʻike mai hou apau o nä mea ma waena o ke kahua ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, a me ka hiki ai ia lanakila i ka makahiki 1945.

Ma anticipation o keʻoki kino

Mua oe i hoʻomaka i ka liberation o Konigsberg, ia i laweia mai e Soviet poʻe hao wale shelling o ka paa i nā kūlana hana o kaʻenemi. Ua i mai iaʻu kokoke i ka anai mua hebedoma o April. Eia hou, i waihoia mākou airstrikes mākou maunakea mokulele ma KUMUMANAʻO NUI 'ō a ua hana hoʻokipa i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. Aka, i ka ikepili bombings ua emi luku o ho'āhewa wale ma luna o ka mokulele Pelekāne i hana 'ia no ka aneane i ka holoʻokoʻa makahiki 1944.

I huli ai oe, na kēia kanaka Kelemānia ho'āʻo like 'āwīwī i hiki ke one kela flaw i loko o ka pale, a hou i ka Soviet Kao lele lako kaua.

Wehrmacht alakaʻi ka hoomaopopo ana ina kona poe kanaka e,ʻaʻole hoomalu aku i kela'īniha o ka aina a hiki i ke kulu hope loa o ke koko, a hiki i ka hope koa, i heluʻia o ka Apana Reich ka lā. Akā, e like me ka makou i ike mai ka mōʻaukala, a me ka mōhai ano kūkaʻi 'o ka maʻamau Kelemānia koa hiki ole ke hoola ia keia ia wä, mīkini o genocide a me ka repression mai ka luku aku.

kulanakauhale o Sturm

Alaila, hoomaka koke aku, i ke kala o Konigsberg. Ka lā April 6, 1945 o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ia.

Blow i hana i ka mea ia manawa, mai ke kūkulu'ākau a me ka hema o ke kulanakauhale. Day, e like me ka mau, hoʻomaka me ka shelling o kaʻenemi kulana. Kokoke i ka he umikumamalua hora o ka lā, hele akula ma luna o ka mea kūpono 'poʻina nalu a me ka infantry. A nui kūlana i loko o ka hana i ua häʻawi mai ai iä ka kīmopō poʻe hao wale, ka mea nana i haawi i na makana nui i ka liberation o Konigsberg (1945).

Na kēia kanaka Kelemānia nae i ka,ʻAʻole eʻole ia'ku, akā, i ka Soviet kaua crushes he kūlana pale'ākeʻakeʻa mai ma hope o kekahi. alahao koa, a me ka awa i ua pio. Ma kaumaha, e hoihoi aku i ka Wehrmacht koa ia i kuleana hoole ana. Ho'āʻo 'o ia e hoonohonoho i ka emi hope i i, akā, i ka poʻe hao wale Soviet hopu i ka German hapa, hoihoi ia? I ka manao i loko o ka lanakila.

Eia hoi, April 9, 1945, General Otto von Lasch, hoʻomaopopo i ka futility o ia'ku, kakauinoa i ka hoihoi, a kauoha a pau o ka poʻe hao wale e noho ana ma lalo o kona kauoha, e waiho iho i ko lakou mau mea kaua. Kahili i ke kulanakauhale, mai ole me ka hoʻolohe pono i ke kauoha o ka pūʻulu o Wehrmacht koa hoomau ana ma ka ia lā.

A ua ka liberation o Konigsberg. Ua Ua haawiia mai i Soviet poʻe hao wale kŘpa a uuku ka pōʻino, akā, i kēia i loko oʻaʻohe ala detracts mai ka nui mai o kēia hanana i loko o ka? Aieao o ke Kaua Honua II i ka pau, a me ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua like me ka a pau.

poho o na aoao elua

Iloko o ka hana no ka liberation o ke kulanakauhale o Konigsberg, pepehi 42.000 Kelemānia koa, ma kahi o 92.000 i lawe pio. Eia hou, i ka Soviet koa i pio i nā mea kaua,ʻo ia nā tausani mea kaua'āpana, 128 mokulele a me 1652 wili.

I waena o ka poʻe hao wale Soviet poho, ua oi aku ka li, ka mea, ua like i 3.200 make ikaika. Kēia i hōʻike mai i ua aʻo mākou ke 'ano laulā, e loaa lanakila,ʻaʻole no ka mea, o ka helu o nā poʻe hao wale, a he nui ka helu o ka make koa, e like me ka mea i ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, e like me ka hopena o ke alo aku o ka maikaʻi loa kumumanao o ka hana. Kēia mea wehewehe aku i ka Red Army me ka qualitatively hou ala.

No nā kupa o Konigsberg nana nui aku pitiable ia kulana. 80% o ke kulanakauhale i aneane loa luku i ka hanaʻino a me ka bombing mai o ka lani, a me ka poe i lawelawe 'ia e ka mokulele Royal Pelekania ma ka papa o ka makahiki 1944. O ka 316.000 noho ana o ka heluna kanaka o Konigsberg i ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, 200.000 wale i koe ma hope o ka hoʻopio o ke kulanakauhale, a me ka mea i deported koke i kēia kulekele.

ana waiwai

Kū'ē lula o Königsberg i loko o ke Kaua Honua II kōkua e hana i kekahi springboard no ka hou mua o ka Soviet kaua. April 25 Ua hee hope lula 'Kelemānia koa ikaika i loko o ka'āina - ka Samland Group o Koa. Ma keia East-Prussian hana ia ana, ua paa ka.

Hou hanana i ike ai i nā mea a pau: i ka mau nō lā hoʻi o ka Ally kūpono ', i ka hoʻopio o Pelelina, Hitler ka he pepehi anaʻia iā iho, a me ka piha hoihoi o Germany May 8, 1945. O ka holo ana, e hoʻokō i kēia hopena, e lawe ana i kekahi o Königsberg i ole lawa, akā, i kēia hanana - he pono loulou i loko o ke kaulahao o ka lanakila, e like me ka kaua o Stalingrad, ke kaua o ka Kursk Bulge , a me ka Ally pae ma Noremana.

Ka manaʻo nui a me ka peculiarity o ka lanakila o ka Soviet kaua i Koenigsberg lea e hōʻike mai ia ma ka mea o kona 24-manawa volley mai ka 324 pūʻia nō hoʻi ia i loko o Moscow. Eia hou, Ua hoʻokumuʻia he kūikawā pihi (kâlâ keʻokeʻo) e hoʻomau i ka hoomanao ana o keia pomaikai no mākou poʻe kaua kaua e pili ana i kekahi au mamuli, ua kamailio he uuku lalo.

Kaliningrad - ke kulanakauhale Lūkini

Ka houʻana o ke kūlanakauhale mea pono i ike. Konigsberg i ka MH 1946 i Kapa hou i ke Kaliningrad i loko o ka hanohano o ka mea i make i loko o ka hookahi makahiki, aoao alakaʻi M. I. Kalinina, a ua komo pū pu me ka hapa nui o East Prussia, mua i loko o ka RSFSR, a ma hope o ka'opi o ka Soviet Union - ma ka Russian Hui. Ka hapa nui o ka German heluna o ka māhele 'āina i deported i Germany. Ke kahi e ike i Kaliningrad, i na kanaka] ma ka poʻe e noho lā ma nā wahi o ka USSR,ʻano nui o ka RSFSR, a me ka Ukrainian SSR a me Byelorussian SSR. Ke kulanakauhale o Kaliningrad loa hoʻomaka koke kukulu hou ia, kanaka, mai nā mea a pau ma o ka Union komo i loko o ka liquidation o ka poino ana i ke kaua i lawe mai.

Ma ka manawa, i ka Kaliningrad māhele mea he nui hanalima, a ma laila māhele o ka Russian Hui. ? Ac? O mechanical e hana 'enekinia, a me ka shipbuilding. Ma waho kia hoʻomanaʻo i, a ianoiyuaa a he mea uuku hoike o ka domination hala o na kēia kanaka Kelemānia i loko o ka māhele 'āina.

Ka mekala "No ka lawe ana o Königsberg"

I loko o elua mahina ma hope o ka hopu ana o ke kulanakauhale ma ka Soviet lehulehu ma ka manao paa o ka USSR aupuni i hoʻokumu i kekahi mekala no ka liberation o Konigsberg. Ua Ua hoʻolauna i mea e hoomanao i ka mama o ka ikaika. E like me ka hoʻolilo 'ana e pono ai ka poʻe e ia i komo i loko o ka liberation o Konigsberg' ole mai 23 Ianuari a hiki i 10 April 1945 e like me ka hapa o ka Hikina Prussia i loko o ka hoʻopio o ke kulanakauhale.

Ke mekala i ka mineta i ke keleawe. Ua ua he maʻamau ano o ka p ÷ ai. E "No ka mea hoʻopio aku i o Konigsberg" ua kahakahaia ma ke alo o ka mea i 'ae'. Ua hōʻike ma ka luna o ka hoku, a me ka lalo - he Pohon lala. Ma ka 'aoʻao aʻe kekahi mau i ka lā i ka wa a ka liberation o Koenigsberg - April 10, 1945. Ke anawaena o ka pihi - 32 mm o.

Ke aupuni 'keia mekala ma kona umauma, ma hope o ka hoailona o ka hanohano no ka hopu ana o Pukapeka, a ma ke alo o ka mekala no ka hopu ana o Vienna. Ia mea, ma keia hihia Ua hoʻokō me ka chronological palapala rula.

Ka papa inoa o ka mea i hookoia kâlâ keʻokeʻo Konigsberg hoʻokuʻu nā lālā

Mai kona inception, he nui ikaika kiʻi i kekahi mekala no ka liberation o Konigsberg. Ka papa inoa o nā awardees no nā manawa aku i 760.000 kanaka.

He nui nā kānaka manawa e hoomanao e ka inoa. Akā, i waena o ka loaa ana i kekahi mekala, he maikaʻi-ike kanaka, e like me Baykov Evgeniy Grigorevich (Makai), Lapidus Viktor Lvovich (Lt. Col.) Neplyuev Valentina Fyodorovna (Makai), Rozhin Ivan Maksimovic (Makai), Statsenko Ivan Denisovich (Mahele Lutanela), Trinity Viktor Pavlovich (Makai), Hudyakov Nikolay Vasilevich (corporal), Yanovskiy Petr Grigorevich (Lutanela Colonel), Mashanov Ivan Savvateevich (hânai holoholona). Ke liberation o Konigsberg 1944-1945 makahiki - i ka hihia o kela mea keia mea o lakou. I ke koko a me ka hou ana o na kanaka kapipi nā mahinaʻai o East Prussia. Kēlā me kēia no ia komo i loko o ka liberation o Konigsberg.

Invaluable hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau poʻe kaua, a me nā haneri o na tausani o ka poe a mākou hiki ole hōʻike 'aneʻi. Mekala no ka liberation o Konigsberg, wale i ka hapa uuku wale no o ka ia nā kumu kāki, a pono i ke kaua, ma ka lilo ana o kona mau ola a me ke ola i ka hana pono.

Ma ka manawa, i kēia hoʻolilo i hoʻokae mai maoli kumu 'ole' ia.

hualoaʻa

i kekahi o na ki minute o ka pau 'ana o ka Apana World War ka liberation o Konigsberg. He aha ka ke alo o ka pālākiō o ka kaua weheia ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Hikina Prussia! A i ka Ia manawa Konigsberg ana o ka pono laʻana o ana me ka mea uuku kahe ana o nā limahana hiki e hoʻopio i ka luawai-kūlanakauhale paʻa.

He ka lanakila o ka Soviet kaua uaʻano nui ma ka hikina Prussian hana, a no ka hōʻoia 'unhindered alanui i Pelelina. Eia hou, i ka holomua pau 'ana o kēia ho'āla kaua ma Konigsberg ae i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, e hookomo i ke kulanakauhale a me ka puni aina i Rusia, i mea mea he integral hapa o ka Kaliningrad māhele' āina i kēia manawa.

A, o ka papa, hoʻomanaʻo haneri o nā tausani o ka poʻe kaua hoʻokahe lākou i ke koko i ka kīmopō o Konigsberg, e loa e poina. Lākou nui mohai Motherland, e hoomanao mau.